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Strong human trialsFDA approved as Mounjaro +1

Tirzepatide

Also known as: LY3298176 · Mounjaro · Zepbound · Tirz · TZ · TRZ · GLP-2TZ · GLP-2 Tirz · GLP-2 tirzepatide

Updated 42 sources

Tirzepatide is a once-weekly injectable peptide from Lilly that hits two gut-hormone receptors, GIP and GLP-1. It is FDA approved as Mounjaro for type 2 diabetes and as Zepbound for weight management and sleep apnea with obesity. In SURMOUNT-1, people on 15 mg lost about 21% of body weight. Outside the label, people run compounded or research vials, slow titrations, microdoses and split doses. Those off-label patterns have no trials behind them. Online sellers often call it "GLP-2", which is a nickname for second generation, not a different drug.

Quick facts

Half-life
  • About 5 days (Mounjaro label); 5 to 6 days in people with obesity or sleep apnea (Zepbound label). That is why it is dosed once a week.
Routes
  • Subcutaneous injection
Reported dose ranges
  • 0.25 to 15 mg (subcutaneous injection)
Vial sizes
  • 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg, 50 mg, 60 mg
FDA status
  • FDA approved as Mounjaro +1
Brand names
  • Mounjaro (Lilly): Type 2 diabetes in adults and children 10 and up; weekly injection (pen, vial or KwikPen)
  • Zepbound (Lilly): Chronic weight management, and moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity; weekly injection
WADA
  • Not prohibited

What people use Tirzepatide for

  • Blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes, adults and children 10 and up (Mounjaro)
  • Chronic weight management (Zepbound; Mounjaro is used off-label)
  • Moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity (Zepbound)
  • Cheaper weight loss with compounded or research vials; one forum thread cites about $250 a year for gray-market supply
  • Low weekly microdoses for appetite control or weight maintenance
  • A base for stacks, most often with cagrilintide

How it is thought to work. Tirzepatide activates two incretin receptors, GIP and GLP-1, which is why it is called a dual agonist. A C20 fatty-acid side chain makes it bind albumin in the blood, which slows clearance enough for one shot a week. It does nothing at the GLP-2 receptor. Real GLP-2 is a separate gut hormone that grows intestinal lining, and its drug version, teduglutide, treats short bowel syndrome.

Tirzepatide dosing

12 protocols from studies, guides and community reports, grouped by goal. Tap a source badge to see where a number came from.

Type 2 diabetes2

Type 2 diabetes, FDA label titration (Mounjaro)

Amount
2.5 to 15 mg
How often
Once weekly. Step up 2.5 mg after at least 4 weeks only if needed, then hold the maintenance dose.
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Titration (6 steps) and details

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Type 2 diabetes, FDA label (Mounjaro, ages 10 to 17)

Amount
2.5 to 10 mg
How often
Once weekly. Step up 2.5 mg after at least 4 weeks only if needed, maximum 10 mg, then hold.
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Titration (4 steps) and details

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Weight loss4

Weight loss, FDA label titration (Zepbound)

Amount
2.5 to 15 mg
How often
Once weekly. Step up 2.5 mg after at least 4 weeks, then hold at 5, 10 or 15 mg.
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Titration (6 steps) and details

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Weight loss, SURMOUNT-1 and -2 trial doses

Amount
5 to 15 mg
How often
Once weekly at an assigned dose of 5, 10 or 15 mg
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Timing and details

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Weight loss, compounded label-mirror titration (guide protocol)

Amount
2.5 to 15 mg
How often
Once weekly. Up 2.5 mg every 4 weeks, then hold the dose that works.
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Titration (6 steps) and details

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Weight loss, slow titration (compounded, guide protocol)

Amount
2.5 to 15 mg
How often
Once weekly. Hold each 2.5 mg step for 6 to 8 weeks before moving up.
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Timing and details

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Other protocols: injected6

Obstructive sleep apnea with obesity, FDA label (Zepbound)

Amount
2.5 to 15 mg
How often
Once weekly. Step up 2.5 mg after at least 4 weeks, then hold at 10 or 15 mg.
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Titration (6 steps) and details

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Weight maintenance step-down to 5 mg (SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN trial)

Amount
5 mg
How often
Once weekly at 5 mg after stepping down from a higher dose
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Timing and details

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Extended dose steps with research vials (vendor guide describing users)

Amount
2.5 mg
How often
Once weekly, staying longer than 4 weeks at each dose
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Timing and details

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Low-dose real-world use (branded, observational data)

Amount
2.5 to 7.5 mg
How often
Once weekly, held at 2.5 to 7.5 mg
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Timing and details

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Microdosing start (telehealth guide)

Amount
0.25 to 0.5 mg
How often
Once weekly. Start at 0.25 mg for 2 to 4 weeks, then add 0.25 mg every 2 to 4 weeks.
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Timing and details

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Split dosing, twice weekly (telehealth guide)

Amount
2.5 mg
How often
Twice weekly, 3 to 4 days apart
Route
Subcutaneous injection
Timing and details

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Doses shown are what sources report, labelled by origin. Not medical advice.

Full Tirzepatide dosage guideEvery titration step in syringe units, missed doses and how to mix.

Vial strengths and syringe units

Every Tirzepatide vial size with the water volumes sources use. Units are what to draw on a U-100 insulin syringe, worked out exactly.
Tirzepatide: concentration and U-100 syringe units for each vial size and water volume
WaterStrength2.5 mgdose, units5 mgdose, units15 mgdose, units
10 mg vial
1 mLVendor guide10 mg/mL250.25 mL500.5 mL1501.5 mL2 draws
2 mLCompetitor guide5 mg/mL500.5 mL1001 mL3003 mL3 draws
15 mg vial
1.5 mLVendor guide10 mg/mL250.25 mL500.5 mL1501.5 mL2 draws
30 mg vial
2 mLVendor guide15 mg/mL16.70.167 mL33.30.333 mL1001 mL
3 mLVendor guide10 mg/mL250.25 mL500.5 mL1501.5 mL2 draws
6 mLVendor guide5 mg/mL500.5 mL1001 mL3003 mL3 draws
All 7 vial sizes on the dosage chart (4 more)
Units are on a U-100 insulin syringe (100 units = 1 mL). U-50 and U-30 barrels read the same units.† Water volume sourced for a different vial size. The math is exact either way.Water volumes from

Doses shown are what sources report, labelled by origin. Not medical advice.

Calculate with this peptideYour vial, your water, your dose: Tirzepatide in syringe units, with the math shown.

What people report

What Tirzepatide users write on Reddit, counted post by post. These are reports, not measured rates or advice.

Community-reportedFrom 900 Reddit posts and comments, last mined Oct 24, 2026r/tirzepatidecompound, r/Retatrutide, r/Semaglutide, r/Peptidesource

Doses people report for Tirzepatide

Weight loss550 mentions

Amounts reported for weight loss, with mention counts
ReportedMentions
5 mg127
2.5 mg111
15 mg94
10 mg80
7.5 mg64

Goal not stated26 mentions

Amounts reported for goal not stated, with mention counts
ReportedMentions
15 mg7
2.5 mg5
5 mg3
10 mg3
1.5 mg2

Metabolic health13 mentions

Amounts reported for metabolic health, with mention counts
ReportedMentions
2.5 mg4
7.5 mg3
10 mg2

How often

Dosing frequencies reported, with mention counts
ReportedMentions
Once a week102
Twice a week13
Every two weeks4
Every other day3

Most mentioned alongside

Side effects people mention

  • Nausea41 mentions

    Most common fixes: lower the dose (4), none (2)

  • Constipation36 mentions

    Most common fixes: take stool softeners or laxatives (4), increase hydration and fiber intake (3)

  • Fatigue33 mentions

    Most common fixes: increase electrolytes and salt intake (2), lower the dose (2)

  • Hair loss12 mentions

  • Heartburn8 mentions

  • Diarrhea8 mentions

Doses shown are what sources report, labelled by origin. Not medical advice.

Tirzepatide side effects

What trials and labels report, kept apart from what users and guides report. Frequencies are worded as each source states them.

Reported in studies and labels6

From clinical trials and regulatory documents.

  • Injection site reactions

    6%, 8% and 8% at 5, 10 and 15 mg vs 2% on placebo (SURMOUNT-1 and -2 pooled)

    How people manage it

    • Rotate between the abdomen, thigh and upper arm.
  • Dizziness

    4%, 5% and 4% at 5, 10 and 15 mg vs 2% on placebo (SURMOUNT-1 and -2 pooled)

  • Thyroid C-cell tumors

    Boxed warning on the label, based on tumors seen in rats

  • Pancreatitis

    Listed in the label warnings

  • Gallbladder disease

    Listed in the label warnings

  • Kidney injury from dehydration

    Listed in the label warnings; linked to fluid loss from GI side effects

    How people manage it

    • Keep fluids up; the label warns that dehydration from vomiting or diarrhea can hurt the kidneys.

Reported by users and guides6

From community reports and dosing guides. Not measured rates.

  • Nausea

    25%, 29% and 28% at 5, 10 and 15 mg vs 8% on placebo (SURMOUNT-1 and -2). Diabetes trials: 12%, 15% and 18% vs 4% (SURPASS-1 and -5).

    How people manage it

    • Eat smaller, lighter meals, especially in the evening.
  • Diarrhea

    19%, 21% and 23% at 5, 10 and 15 mg vs 8% on placebo (SURMOUNT-1 and -2). Diabetes trials: 12%, 13% and 17% vs 9% (SURPASS-1 and -5).

    How people manage it

    • Keep fluids up; the label warns that dehydration from vomiting or diarrhea can hurt the kidneys.
  • Vomiting

    8%, 11% and 13% at 5, 10 and 15 mg vs 2% on placebo (SURMOUNT-1 and -2). Diabetes trials: 5%, 5% and 9% vs 2% (SURPASS-1 and -5).

    How people manage it

    • Keep fluids up; the label warns that dehydration from vomiting or diarrhea can hurt the kidneys.
  • Constipation

    17%, 14% and 11% at 5, 10 and 15 mg vs 5% on placebo (SURMOUNT-1 and -2). Diabetes trials: 6%, 6% and 7% vs 1% (SURPASS-1 and -5).

    How people manage it

    • Drink more water and add soluble fiber.
  • Abdominal pain

    9%, 9% and 10% at 5, 10 and 15 mg vs 5% on placebo (SURMOUNT-1 and -2 pooled)

    How people manage it

    • Slow the titration or stay on the current dose step longer until GI effects settle.
  • Indigestion and sulfur burps

    Dyspepsia in 9%, 9% and 10% at 5, 10 and 15 mg vs 4% on placebo (SURMOUNT-1 and -2 pooled)

    How people manage it

    • Eat smaller, lighter meals, especially in the evening.
All 17 Tirzepatide side effects and how people manage themEvery management tip, who should not use it, and side-effect questions.

Storage

Powder (before mixing)

Temperature
-20 °C

Research powder: freezer at -20°C for long-term storage (12 months or more), fridge at 2 to 8°C for the short term. Keep it out of light.

Mixed vial

Use within
28 days

Keep the mixed vial in the fridge and use it within about 28 days. Some sellers claim 45 to 60 days; that is unverified. Do not freeze, swirl instead of shaking, and throw it out if it turns cloudy.

Mixed with: Bacteriostatic water

Mixing. Most guides mix to 10 mg per mL (1 mL per 10 mg of powder). A 30 mg vial with 6 mL makes a weaker mix that some use for microdosing. Weak mixes make big doses bulky, so high doses may need two draws or a larger syringe. Swirl gently, never shake, and do not freeze. Research vials are not guaranteed: of 200 recent results on one public testing aggregator, 137 passed and 59 failed. Branded pens and compounded pharmacy vials come as ready-made solutions and need no mixing.

Stacks people report

Combinations from guides and community posts, with the reason given.
  • Cagrilintide

    Cagrilintide is an amylin analog that works on a separate satiety pathway. One guide runs tirzepatide alone for weeks 1 to 8, then adds cagrilintide weekly at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.7 and 2.4 mg alongside the tirzepatide titration. No human trial has tested this pair, only a rat study and semaglutide-based CagriSema data. GI side effects add up.

Compare Tirzepatide

Evidence and legal status

Evidence: strong human trials

Many phase 3 trials: SURPASS-1 to -5, SURPASS-PEDS, SURPASS-CVOT (13,299 patients; heart events HR 0.92 vs dulaglutide, noninferior), SURMOUNT-1 to -5, and two sleep apnea studies (AHI down 25.3 and 29.3 events per hour vs 5.3 and 5.5 on placebo). Microdosing, split dosing and research-grade vials have no trials. SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN is testing a step-down to 5 mg. The label's suicidal-ideation warning was removed in February 2026.

FDA and WADA

FDA approved as Mounjaro +1

An FDA-approved drug for this use.

FDA approved. Mounjaro (2022) treats type 2 diabetes in adults, with children 10 and up added in December 2025. Zepbound (November 2023) treats chronic weight management and moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity. Research-grade vials are not approved products.

FDA took tirzepatide off the shortage list in October 2024 and reaffirmed it on December 19, 2024. Compounding grace periods ended February 18, 2025 (503A) and March 19, 2025 (503B); 503A pharmacies may not make essentially a copy without a documented clinical difference. FDA sent warning letters to research-peptide sellers in December 2024, about 30 to telehealth marketers in early 2026 and 25 more on June 16, 2026. WADA does not ban it but monitors it from January 1, 2026; the 2027 list keeps GLP-1 drugs permitted.

WADA: Not prohibited

Tirzepatide questions

What is the starting dose of compounded tirzepatide?

2.5 mg once a week for 4 weeks, the same start as the Zepbound and Mounjaro labels. Guides then add 2.5 mg every 4 weeks as needed, and some hold each step 6 to 8 weeks to go easier on the stomach.

How much bacteriostatic water do I add to a 30 mg tirzepatide vial?

Usually 3 mL, which gives 10 mg per mL. Some use 2 mL for a stronger 15 mg per mL mix, and 6 mL (5 mg per mL) is used for microdosing. Use the calculator to turn your dose into syringe units for your mix.

Is GLP-2 tirzepatide a different drug?

No. It is the same molecule. Online shorthand counts generations: semaglutide is "GLP-1", tirzepatide is "GLP-2" because it is a second-generation dual agonist, and retatrutide is "GLP-3". Tirzepatide does not act on the GLP-2 receptor. Real GLP-2 is a separate gut hormone, and its drug version, teduglutide, treats short bowel syndrome. Gray-market sellers put the GLP-2 label on research vials.

Where should I inject tirzepatide?

Abdomen, thigh or upper arm. The label says exposure is similar at all three, so pick what is comfortable and rotate sites.

What if I miss a tirzepatide dose?

Per the label, take it within 4 days (96 hours) of the missed day. If more than 4 days have passed, skip it.

How long is mixed tirzepatide good for?

About 28 days in the fridge. Some sellers claim 45 to 60 days, but nobody has shown that. Do not freeze it, and throw it out if it goes cloudy.

How should I store Zepbound or Mounjaro pens and vials?

Keep them in the fridge at 2 to 8°C. Single-dose pens and vials can stay unrefrigerated at up to 30°C for 21 days in total. Multi-dose vials and the KwikPen hold 4 doses; throw them out after 30 days in use or 4 doses, whichever comes first.

What strengths do branded and compounded tirzepatide come in?

Branded single-dose pens and vials come in 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 mg per 0.5 mL. Multi-dose vials and KwikPens hold 4 doses of 0.6 mL each, at 10 to 60 mg per 2.4 mL. Compounded pharmacy vials are sold at concentrations such as 5, 10, 17 and 20 mg per mL, and some add niacinamide. Research powder vials run from 10 to 60 mg.

Is tirzepatide or retatrutide stronger?

Retatrutide trials show more weight loss: TRIUMPH-1 reported 28.3% at 12 mg over 80 weeks, while SURMOUNT-1 reported 20.9% on tirzepatide 15 mg. Those are different trials, though. The head-to-head trial, TRIUMPH-5, is expected to report in December 2026. Retatrutide is not approved anywhere.

How do I switch from tirzepatide to retatrutide?

There is no official conversion. One guide waits 7 days after the last tirzepatide shot and starts retatrutide at 2 mg. If nausea is still around, it suggests a 10 to 14 day gap and a 1 mg start. Do not copy your old syringe unit counts, because the mixes differ.

Does tirzepatide affect birth control pills?

It can. The label advises switching to a non-oral method or adding a backup method for 4 weeks after starting and for 4 weeks after each dose increase.

Can I split my weekly tirzepatide dose?

Vials make it possible, for example 5 mg a week as two 2.5 mg shots 3 to 4 days apart. The argument is that the roughly 5-day half-life gives flatter levels when split. No trial has tested it.

What is tirzepatide microdosing?

Guides use the word loosely. One telehealth guide calls 0.5 mg or less a microdose and starts at 0.25 mg weekly, adding 0.25 mg every 2 to 4 weeks. Others point to real-world data where most branded users stayed at 2.5 to 7.5 mg. No randomized trial of microdosing exists.

Is tirzepatide banned in sport?

No. WADA does not prohibit it, but it has been on the monitoring program since January 1, 2026. The 2027 list keeps GLP-1 drugs permitted.

Can pharmacies still compound tirzepatide?

Only in narrow cases. FDA ended the shortage in late 2024, and the grace periods ran out on February 18, 2025 for 503A pharmacies and March 19, 2025 for 503B outsourcers. A 503A pharmacy may not make essentially a copy of the branded drug unless there is a documented clinical difference for the patient.

Do research tirzepatide vials contain what the label says?

Not always. A public testing aggregator lists 2,845 tirzepatide tests across 277 vendors. Of the 200 most recent visible results, 137 passed and 59 failed.

Ask about Tirzepatide

Answers come from this site's pages only, with a link to each source.

Sources

42 sources, each checked by date. Record updated Oct 23, 2026. Numbers are restated in our own words and labelled by where they came from.

Clinical study5

  1. SURMOUNT-1 trial summaryAmerican College of Cardiology · checked Oct 23, 2026
  2. SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN design paperPubMed Central · checked Oct 23, 2026
  3. SURMOUNT-5 journal scanAmerican College of Cardiology · checked Oct 23, 2026

Regulatory17

  1. Zepbound Prescribing Information, rev. 04/2026FDA · checked Oct 23, 2026
  2. Mounjaro and Mounjaro KwikPen label, rev. 8/2026DailyMed · checked Oct 23, 2026
  3. Mounjaro / ZepboundWikipedia · checked Oct 23, 2026

Vendor guide12

  1. How much bac water to mix with 30 mg tirzepatideSeekPeptides · checked Oct 23, 2026
  2. Vendor listing: tirzepatide 50 mgtake.app · checked Oct 23, 2026
  3. Vendor listing: tirzepatide 10 mgtake.app · checked Oct 23, 2026

Competitor guide7

  1. Tirzepatide dosagePeptideDosages · checked Oct 23, 2026
  2. Compound tirzepatide dosage chartPeptidesExplorer · checked Oct 23, 2026
  3. Tirzepatide common side effectsGoodRx · checked Oct 23, 2026

Community-reported1

  1. Tirzepatide test results (2,845 tests, 277 vendors, Dec 2024 to Oct 2026)Finnrick · checked Oct 23, 2026