VIP news and clinical trials

Clinicians reported a case of a 65-year-old woman whose nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor transformed into a vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting tumor. Following a living donor liver transplantation, her symptoms resolved and did not recur for 1 year.

Researchers published a case report of an 80-year-old female with a pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma tumor that secreted vasoactive intestinal peptide. Surgical removal of the mass resolved her chronic diarrhea, hyponatremia, and hypertension.

Researchers assessed the clinical significance of vasoactive intestinal peptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine in 30 patients with diabetic neurogenic bladder. Combined detection provided better diagnostic efficacy (AUC 0.878) than single-marker tests and correlated with disease severity.

Researchers developed an intranasal vaccine platform using a vasoactive intestinal peptide-nucleocapsid fusion protein to deliver circRNA. In mice, this vaccine induced systemic and mucosal immunity against RSV and significantly reduced pulmonary viral burden and lung inflammation.

Authors reported two pediatric cases of neuroblastoma where the patients presented with chronic secretory diarrhea. The report highlights that VIP-secreting neuroblastic tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children with unexplained, treatment-resistant diarrhea.

A systematic review of 7 studies published between 1984 and 2024 evaluated the utility of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as a multiple sclerosis biomarker. The authors concluded that clinical evidence remains limited due to small sample sizes and methodological heterogeneity.

Researchers published a case report of a woman in her 60s with chronic diarrhoea and severe hypokalaemia caused by a vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting pancreatic tumour. Surgical resection of the 8 cm mass and somatostatin analogue use resolved her symptoms.

Researchers examined whether vasoactive intestinal peptide signalling mediates GLP-2 effects on intestinal lipid handling in rats. VIP receptor antagonism reduced lipid output during the post-absorptive state but had no effect during the postprandial state.

Researchers studied the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-eosinophil axis in sheep infected with the parasite Moniezia benedeni. They found that VIP expression increased by 234.43% - 276.93% after infection, suggesting the axis plays a regulatory role in anti-parasitic immunity.

Researchers identified an 8-gene signature involving vasoactive intestinal peptide that is associated with melanoma survival. High-risk patients showed significantly worse overall survival compared to low-risk patients in both training (HR = 2.96) and validation (HR = 1.87) cohorts.

Researchers found that vasoactive intestinal peptide accelerates chondrogenesis in bone marrow stem cells and reduces the production of inflammatory complement component C1R and matrix metalloproteinases in human osteoarthritis articular chondrocytes.

APR Applied Pharma Research s.a. withdrew a Phase 3 study investigating inhaled aviptadil acetate for the treatment of severe COVID-19. The sponsor decided to stop the trial, which had an enrollment of 0 participants.

Researchers reviewed the roles of vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in sepsis over five decades. These peptides have shown complex effects, oscillating between protective and permissive depending on timing and tissue context.

Researchers found that intravitreal vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) treatment slowed the progression of form-deprivation myopia in guinea pigs. The peptide worked by suppressing the aberrant activation of the scleral Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Researchers found that vasoactive intestinal peptide treatment (0-50 μM) induces cytotoxic effects and autophagy in renal cell carcinoma cells. This process occurs through the modulation of the SIRT3/FOXO1 signaling pathway.

Researchers overexpressed human vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 in mouse neurons, resulting in impaired cognitive function and abnormal dendritic development in the prefrontal cortex. These results suggest that VPAC2 overexpression harms brain development.

Researchers analyzed vasoactive intestinal peptide test results from 2011 to 2023 and determined that elevated VIP concentrations are not reliable predictors of VIPoma. The optimal diagnostic threshold was identified as 442 pg/mL.

Researchers developed new high-affinity vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor antagonists to treat leukemia. Candidates ANT308 and ANT195 demonstrated potent anti-leukemia activity and stimulated immune cell responses in preclinical models.

Researchers found that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) contributes to the inhibitory effects of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) on neurally induced contractions in mouse ileal preparations. This suggests the hormone may help slow intestinal transit and optimize nutrient absorption.

Researchers examined the superior colliculus of adult marmoset monkeys and identified neurons expressing somatostatin. The study found no evidence of vasoactive intestinal peptide or neuropeptide Y positive neurons in this brain structure.

Researchers reviewed the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide and VIPR2 in myopia pathogenesis, noting their influence on choroidal and scleral remodeling. Evidence suggests VIP signaling acts as a key modulator of emmetropization and a potential therapeutic target.

Researchers demonstrated that GLP-2 and GIP act as potent stimulators of superior mesenteric artery blood flow in anesthetized rats. This blood flow increase occurred independently of nitric oxide or vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor signaling.

New review in Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication…: Aviptadil Therapy in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

This editorial discusses the potential of Aviptadil as a treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome. It weighs the clinical promise against existing uncertainties in the evidence.

Researchers found that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is downregulated in an animal model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Treatment with the VIP analog Aviptadil partially restored VIP levels and attenuated vascular remodeling and alveolar dysplasia in the lungs.

Researchers developed a multifunctional nanotherapeutic platform using zinc oxide, gold, and sodium borohydride to induce cell death in fibroblast-like synoviocytes. By using vasoactive intestinal peptide for targeting, this approach inhibits the growth of rheumatoid arthritis.

Researchers reported that vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing interneurons in the anterior cingulate cortex become active during itch. Activating these specific neurons reduced scratching responses in mice with both acute and chronic itch.

Researchers recorded activity in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons and found that 100 nM of vasoactive intestinal peptide increased neuronal excitability. This effect occurred via the activation of VPAC1 and may contribute to migraine headache etiology.

Researchers examined vasoactive intestinal peptide expression in the retinas of guinea pigs with induced myopia. The results showed that retinal VIP levels increased progressively alongside axial elongation, suggesting a correlation with myopia progression.

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases posted results for a completed Phase 3 study on therapeutics for severely ill hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The trial evaluated interventions including remdesivir and aviptadil, enrolling 473 participants.