SS-31

Yes. SS-31, elamipretide, MTP-131, Bendavia and Forzinity are the same peptide. Forzinity is the FDA-approved brand, made as elamipretide hydrochloride. Bendavia was the name used in an older heart-attack trial.

Only as Forzinity, for Barth syndrome in patients weighing at least 30 kg. FDA granted accelerated approval on 2025-09-19, the first treatment for that disease, and it requires a confirmatory trial. Research vials sold online are not the approved product, and no other use is approved.

Mostly 40 mg under the skin once a day. NuPower used 60 mg, and one heart-failure trial had a 4 mg arm. IV studies used weight-based infusions: 0.01 to 0.25 mg/kg per hour for 2 hours a day over 5 days in MMPOWER, 0.005 to 0.25 mg/kg per hour over 4 hours in a heart-failure study, and 0.05 mg/kg per hour around heart-attack procedures in EMBRACE.

Mostly 0.5 to 10 mg a day, with some going to 20 or 25 mg. That is far below the 40 mg trial dose. Cost is the main reason people give; one r/Peptides user reported spending about 2,000 dollars on a cycle.

It is commonly claimed on r/Peptides and has never been tested. One user felt helped at 100 to 500 mcg a day. Others say benefits only start at 5 mg.

It is the most-posted complaint on r/Peptides, reported from 500 mcg up to 6 mg. No trial explains it. Some users say it fades after a few weeks; one moved the dose to bedtime. Guides suggest cutting the dose by 25 to 50% for moderate effects.

Guides say 2 to 4 weeks. In the Barth trial, the 12-week randomized part showed no benefit; strength gains came later in the open-label extension.

Users say no. In MMPOWER-2, fatigue gains faded about 2 weeks after treatment ended, and one IV study saw a rise in muscle ATP that was gone by day 7.

There is no data. Guides suggest 4 to 12 weeks on and 2 to 4 off, and one person with mitochondrial disease runs it once every 6 months. Trials and the label dose continuously.

The community usually runs SS-31 first, then MOTS-c. Others run both together or switch the order, and one guide says avoid same-day timing. There is no data either way.

The approved product is subcutaneous only and not for IV use. Inject into the belly at least 2 inches from the navel or the outer thigh, rotating sites. One Reddit thread asks about IM with no settled answer.

Commonly 1 to 2 mL in a 10 mg vial and 2 to 3 mL in a 50 mg vial. Users who used only 0.5 mL in a 10 mg vial report gelling, so most say use at least 1 mL. At 10 to 20 mg per mL, a 40 mg dose will not fit in one 1 mL syringe.

Guides say 28 days in the fridge. Nobody has tested research vials. The only validated window is 8 days after opening, for the approved solution.

FDA puts the plasma half-life at about 3 to 4 hours. Levels peak 0.5 to 1 hour after a shot, about 92% of a subcutaneous dose reaches the blood, and nearly all is cleared in urine within 48 hours. A 2021 paper cites a 16-hour half-time in human blood, and other sites print about 1.5 hours, 2 to 2.5 hours, 2 to 4 hours or about 4 hours.

No guide claims a direct anabolic effect. One r/Peptides user reported a big strength jump on SS-31 with MOTS-c. The Barth approval rests on knee strength gains in a rare disease, not in healthy people.

Not confirmed. We found no WADA document naming it. One guide says it falls under S0, the clause for substances with no government approval for human use, but elamipretide now has one. Check Global DRO before competing.

People ask, but there is no human data on nasal SS-31. Every trial and the label use injections.

Too little water is the usual answer for gelling: 0.5 mL in a 10 mg vial gelled or left bits after chilling for some users. Use at least 1 mL, often 2 to 3, and roll the vial until fully dissolved. A faint yellow tint gets asked about with no settled answer; the approved solution itself is described as colorless to yellow.

The label cuts the dose to 20 mg for severe kidney impairment and gives no dose on dialysis, because exposure climbs as kidney function drops. It contains benzyl alcohol, so not for newborns. Anyone with a serious allergic reaction to it should not restart.

One guide says to max out the cheap orals first. A guide's oral foundation stack: CoQ10 100 to 300 mg, urolithin A 500 to 1,000 mg, NMN 250 to 1,000 mg and creatine 3 to 5 g a day.